Hodovanyi O.*, Ivasechko I.**, Martovlos O.*, Klyuchivska O.**, Stoika R.** , Chukhray N.
*Department of Orthodontics, Department of Therapeutic Dentistry (Faculty of Postgraduate Education),
Danylo Halytskyi Lviv National Medical University
**Department of Regulation of Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis
Institute of Cell Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Toufik’s Medical Journal
Volume 1, Supplement 1, November 2021
Abstract from Biomedical Perspectives III
Introduction: Orthodontic braces treatment causes an appearance of local stress phenomena in the periodontal tissues that requires effective elimination of its harmful effects. It was found that flavonoids which possess pronounced antioxidant and immunomodulatory action reduce, to some extent, the level of stress effects in tissues.
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of three combinations of components of gel composition (GC) on the viability of pseudonormal cells (MTT test) and genotoxicity (DNA-comet assay) in these cells.
Materials and methods: Extemporaneous GC that possesses antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory actions has been developed for medical correction of local stressor metabolic disorders in the periodontium. Choline salicylate (CS) was used as a comparison drug. The number of living cells was determined using MTT reagent according to the manufacturer’s recommendations (Sigma, Chem Co., USA). Single strand DNA breaks and alkaline-labile sites of DNA were detected using the Alkaline comet assay as described by Tice et al., 2000.
Results: The first sample of GC including gel base and benzydamine hydrochloride (BH) in liquid form, demonstrated toxicity to all cell lines and inhibited proliferation of murine fibroblasts of BALB-3T3 line and macrophages of J774.2 line, however, it did not affect significantly pseudonormal human keratinocytes of НаСаТ line. The second sample of GC including BH in powder form, did not demonstrate a statistically significant effect on the proliferation of of keratinocytes and fibroblasts, but inhibited this process in the macrophages. Moreover, the comparative substance (CS) had even more intense effect on cultured J774.2 macrophages than the doxorubicin (1 μg). The third sample of GC including gel base, BH in powder form and flavonoids, as well as the comparator CS, did not show a significant genotoxic effect (percentage of DNA in the tail and OTL) in murine macrophages of J774 line. Maximum genotoxicity (12% of DNA in the tail) was observed in cells treated with a composition containing BG in liquid form.
Conclusions: The presence of flavonoids in the GC minimizes the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of the BH and allows its implementation as antimicrobial and antiinflammatory remedy.