Introduction: Acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) are the most common infectious diseases worldwide among all age groups. Almost 90% of the population of our planet at least once a year suffers from this disease. Lack of specific immunity contributes to the rapid spread of ARI and complications, which in turn leads to economic losses. According to the WHO, the incidence is 80-90% of all infectious diseases.

Aim: To study the indicators of cellular immunity in children with acute respiratory viral infections.

Materials and methods: We examined 38 children aged 3 to 7 years. The main group included 21 children with acute respiratory viral infections. The control group consisted of 17 healthy children, representative of age and gender. The study of cellular immunity was performed in the acute period of the disease on the basis of determining the content of CD4 + – and CD8 + lymphocytes by immunofluorescence with monoclonal antibodies in serum. Statistical processing of the obtained results was performed using a standard statistical computer program “Microsoft Excel” (2007), adapted for biomedical research according to the method of variation statistics.

Results: The acute period of the disease in patients of the main group was characterized by an increase in the number of CD4 + – lymphocytes (38.15 ± 1.21)%) compared with children in the control group (32.11 ± 1.18)%), (p <0.01 ). In addition, the indicators of CD8 + lymphocytes (25.41 ± 1.14)%) in patients were significantly higher than those in almost healthy children (16.51 ± 0.97)%), respectively, (p <0.001 ).

Conclusions: Significant growth of serum CD4 + and CD8 + lymphocytes was determined in preschool children with acute respiratory viral infections in the midst of the disease.