Ezenwanne C. Joanah, Babar T.
Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and family planning
Medical Institute, Sumy State University, Ukraine
Toufik’s Medical Journal
Volume 1, Supplement 1, November 2021
Abstract from Biomedical Perspectives III
Introduction: Turner syndrome is genetic disorder affecting girls and women. Although it is a genetic disorder, it’s not usually inherited except in rare cases. The cause is a completely or partially missing X chromosome. It is characterized by short stature, ovarian failure and cardiac defects. Pregnancies in women with TS are rare and mortality rate is on a high level due to cardiovascular disease.
Aim: To analyze and compare childbirth outcome in women with TS and women in the general population, describing characteristics of newborn with TS, evaluation of obstetrics and neonatal outcomes in women and knowing if morbidity increased after delivery.
Material and Methods: For the study, 115 women with TS were analyzed and compared with a reference group of women from the general population.
Results: A total of 115 women with TS karyotype gave birth to 208 children. Women with TS gave birth to fewer children than the reference group. No maternity mortality and no miscarriages registered. More TS women had preeclampsia during their first pregnancy. A lady suffered from aortic dissection in week 32 of gestation but she and the baby survived. In children of women with TS karyotype, gestational age was shorter, preterm delivery was more common, birth weight of children were lower, more children of TS women were delivered by cesarean section than in the reference group, mortality rate in women of TS group were 1.5% (three of 202, 1 stillbirth and 1 neonatal mortality and 0.9% in reference group. Birth defects were 4.5% in the TS group and 3.8% in the reference group. Congenital cardiovascular defects are a common problem in women with TS.
Conclusion: Obstetrics outcomes in women with TS karyotype were mostly favourable with shorter gestational age but similar size of birth. TS women with spontaneous pregnancies being predominantly mosaics may represent a healthier group of women but more neonatal risks. Women with TS are recommended adequate counseling, prepregnancy cardiac screening and close surveillance before, during and after delivery.